A growing number of environmental groups and affected communities are campaigning for the rights of nonhuman beings or entities to become part of environmental law and policy. For example, the Rights of Nature, as codified in Ecuador’s 2008 Constitution, offer protection for the world’s ecosystems by drawing directly on the Kichwa idea of Pachamama, or Mother Nature.

In 2022, CREW Director Javiera Barandiarán co-authored the book, Derechos de la Naturaleza en Chile, documenting arguments in favor of enshrining the Rights of Nature within the national constitution.